Giáo án Tiếng Anh 12

Preparing date: 10/09/2011 Period: 1 TENSES A. Aims: - By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to review the basic tenses and apply them to solve some exercises. - Grammar structures: the simple present, the present progressive, the future simple, the near future - Teaching aids: chalk, board B. Procedure: 1. The Simple Present (Thì hiện tại đơn) a. Form : ( Công thức ) - Khẳng định : I , We , You , They … ( S nhiều ) + V1 He , She , It ( S ít ) + V- s / es - Phủ định : I , We , You , They .. + don't + Vo He , She , It … + doesn't + Vo - Nghi vấn : Do + We , You , They .. + Vo … ? Does + He , She , It … + Vo … ? b. Usage (Cách dùng ) : - Diễn tả một chân lí, một sự thật hiển nhiên. Ex : The Earth goes round the sun . - He is a doctor. - Tom comes from England. - Diễn tả 1 thói quen hoặc 1 việc xảy ra thường xuyên ở hiện tại ( always, often, usually, sometimes, now and then, seldom, rarely, never, every ..... ) dùng để nhận biết. Ex : He often goes to class late . / My mother gets up early every morning . Note : Thêm – es vào sau những động từ tận cùng : o , s , x ,z ,sh , ch. 2 . The Present Continuous (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn) a. Form : - Khẳng định : S + am / is / are + V –ing - Phủ định : S + am / is / are ( not ) + V -ing - Nghi vấn : Are / Is + S + V-ing …. ? Ex: We are studying English now . b. Usage ( Cách dùng) : - Diễn tả một hành động đang tiếp diễn ở thời điểm nói ( ở hiện tại) * Dấu hiệu nhận biết : now , right now = at once , at ( the / this / present ) time, at the moment, Ra lệnh ( Look ! Listen ! ) Ex : - She is listening to his teacher now - Diễn tả 1 hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai ( có kế hoạch từ trước) Ex : She is getting married next year. Note :* Be going to +Vo dùng để diễn tả 1 hành động sắp xảy ra mà hiện tượng của nó đã xuất hiện hoặc 1 hành động tương lai có dự định trước. Ex: The grey dark appears. It is going to rain. 3 . The Present Perfect (Thì hiện tại hòan thành) a. Form : - Khẳng định : S + has / have + V3 , ed - Phủ định : S + has / have ( not ) V3 , ed - Nghi vấn : Has / Have + S + V3 , ed? b. Usage (Cách dùng ) : * Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra hoặc xảy ra không rõ thời gian (thường đi kèm với các từ just , recently = lately, not .. yet, ever, never, aleady ) Ex : We haven’t finished our homework yet . * Diễn tả 1 hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại có khả năng tiếp tục ở tương lai (thường đi với các từ since , for) Ex : - They have lived here for ten years . * Ngòai ra còn có một số cụm từ chỉ thời gian như : so far = until now = up to now ,how long .. ? It is the first / second / third … time, twice / many / three…. times. Note : For ( many, several, 2, 3 / . + times, years, months or a long time = ages ) # since ( last week .. ) Exercise I. Simple and continous present tense. 1. Cuckoos( not build)___________ nests. They( use)________________ the nests of other birds. 2. You can’t see Tom now, he( have)_____________________ a bath. 3. He usually( drink)_________________ coffee but today he( drink) _____________tea. 4. What she( do)________ in the evenings? She usually( play)__________cards or( watch) _________TV. 5. I won’t go out now as it( rain) _________________ and I (not have) _____________ an umbrella. 6. He usually( speak) _________________ so quickly that I( not understand)________________ him. 7. Ann( make) _______a dress for herself at the moment. She( make) _________ all her own clothes. 8. I’m afraid I’ve broken one of your coffee cups. Don’t worry. I( not like) ___________ that set anyway. 9. I(wear) _________________ my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong. 10. Tom can’t have the newspaper now because his aunt( read) _________________ it. Exercise II. Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses. 1/ I (be) __________ sorry. I (forget) __________ that fellow’s name already. 2/ Jack (look) __________ forward to his vacation next June. 3/ I (have) __________ no trouble with my english lessons up to now. 4/ Mr and Mrs Brown (be) ___________ in New York for 2 months. 5/ Michael (work) __________ 38 hours a week. 6/ At present, that author (write) ___________ a novel. 7/ George (do) __________ good work in this class so far. 8/ The weather( generally, get) __________ hot in July . 9/ You must wake her up. She (sleep) __________soundly for 10 hours. 10/ Listen! I (think) __________ someone (knock) __________ at the front door. Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative, or question: He (go) _________________to School everyday. She (come) ___________________ from Germany. Daisy usually (go) _____________________ to work by car. We (watch) __________________TV every night. He (walk) __________________to work every day. He (be) ______________________in Ca Mau. They (be) ____________________students. She (wash) ___________________her clothes every Sunday. She (study) _______________________English every day. He (want) _________ to become a teacher. Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative, or question: Example: She (read) ____is reading _____at the moment. He (watch) ____________________________________TV right now. At present they (sit) ___________________________ in the class. This year we (learn) _________________________ English. Look! Peter (play) ______________________ football in the schoolyard. Preparing date: 16/09/2011 Period:2 TENSES A. Aims: - By the end of the lesson, Ss will review the basic tenses and apply them to solve some exercises. - Grammar structures: the simple present, the present progressive, the future simple, the near future - Teaching aids: chalk, board B. Procedure: 4. The Simple Past (Thì quá khứ đơn ) a. Form : - Khẳng định : S + V2, ed … ( To be : was / were ) - Phủ định : S + did not Vo …. - Nghi vấn : Did + S + Vo ….. ? b. Usage : Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra, chấm dứt trong quá khứ ( đôi khi biết rõ thời gian ) thường có các từ đi kèm : yesterday ,ago , last ( week /night … ) , in 1990 ( thời gian ở quá khứ ) 5 . The Past Continuous (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn ) a. Form : S + was / were + V - ing Ex: We were studying Maths at this time yesterday. b. Usage : - Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra vào 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ . Ex : - What were you doing at 4 p.m yesterday? - Diễn tả 1 hành động đang xảy ra vào 1 thời điểm xác định ở quá khứ hoặc 1 hành động đang xảy ra ( hành động này kéo dài hơn ) thì có hành động khác xen vào . Ex: a. What were you doing at 4 p.m yesterday? b. We were watching television when he came - Diễn tả 2 hành động đang xảy ra cùng lúc ở quá khứ . Ex: Yesterday , while I was reading a book , my sister was watching T.V . * Dấu hiệu nhận biết : at ( the / this / that ) time, at the moment, at 4p.m + thời gian ở quá khứ ( yesterday, last .. ) Ex : He was watching film at the moment yesterday. 6 . The Past perfect (Thì quá khứ hòan thành ) a. Form : S + had + V3 , ed b. Usage : Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ hoặc trước 1 thời điểm ở quá khứ . Ex : When I got up this morning , my mother had already left . * Dấu hiệu nhận biết : before , after 7 . The simple future : (Thì tương lai đơn ) a. Form : S + shall / will Vo b. Usage : Diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai : tomorrow , next ( week / month ) … , in 2010 8. The Perfect Future : ( Tương lai hòan thành ) a. Form S + will have + V3,ed Dấu hiệu nhận biết : By the end of …. Ex : By the end of this year, I will have had a new bike. Note : Sau when , while , before , after , until, by the time, as , as soon as, if ………. không dùng thì tương lai mà chỉ dùng thì hiện tại đơn . Ex : She will phone her parents when she comes here next week. b. Usage : Diễn tả hành động sẽ hoµn thµnh tr­íc mét thêi ®iÓm ở tương lai : tomorrow , next ( week / month ) … , in 2010 9. The Future Continuous : ( Tương lai tiÕp diÔn ) Form S + will be + V – ing Dấu hiệu nhận biết : At this time...... Ex : At this time tomorrow, I will be having a new bike. Ex : She will be having phone her parents when she comes here next week. b. Usage : Diễn tả hành động sẽ đang xảy ra tại mét thêi ®iÓm xác định ở tương lai : tomorrow , next ( week / month ) … , in 2010 Exercise III. Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tense. They (go) __________ home after they (finish) __________ their work. He (do) _________ nothing before he (see) ___________ me. He (thank) __________ me for what I (do) __________ for him. I (be) __________ sorry that I (hurt) __________ him. After they (go) __________ , I (sit) __________ down and (rest) __________. When I (arrive), the dinner (already, begin) ______________. My friend (not see) __________ me for many years when I (meet) __________ last week. Exercise IV. Give the right form of the verbs in brackets: Past tenses. When the phone ...................(ring), I ...................(have) a bath. You ...................(wear) your new hat when I ...................(meet) you yesterday. The house ...................(be) much smaller than he ...................(think) at first. While you ...................(play) the piano, I ...................(write) a letter. Before you ...................(mention) him, I ................... (never / hear) of that author. When he ...................(go) to see them last night, they ...................(play) cards. They ...................(say) they ...................(play) since six o'clock. My friends ...................(sing) when I ...................(come) into the room. The little girl ...................(ask) what ...................(happen) to her ice-cream. He ...................(eat) dinner when I ...................(go) to see him. George ...................(wait) for an hour before the bus ...................(come). Exercise V. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. 1. She (not work)…………………., she (swim) ……………….in the river. 2. Why Ann (not wear) ………………..her new dress? 3. You can't see Tom now: he (have) ………………..a bath. 4. He usually (drink) ………. coffee but today he (drink) ……………..tea. 5. – What she (do) …………..in the evenings? – She usually (play) ……………cards or (watch)……………… TV. 6. She (stand) …..at the bus stop. I asked her what bus she (wait) ……. for. II. Multiple choices John ___________ tennis once or twice a week. A. usually play B. is usually play C. usually plays D. have usually plays At 5 o’clock yesterday evening, I _________ my clothes. A. am ironing B. have ironed C. was ironing D. ironed She _________ German for two years. A. has learnt B. is learning C. learn D. learns Ann _________ tea very often. A. doesn’t drink B. don’t drink C. didn’t drink D. hasn’t drunkenThe earth _________ round the sun. A. go B. has gone C. went D. goes They ____________ me about it last week. A. was telling B. told C. has told D. would tell Preparing date: 22/09/2011 Period: 3 REPORTED SPEECH A. Aims: - By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to review the reported speech and apply them to solve some exercises. - Grammar structures: the simple present, the present progressive, the future simple, the near future… - Teaching aids: chalk, board B. Procedure: ** Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ, để đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, ta đổi BA yếu tố là ngôi, thì của động từ và trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn. a. Ngôi: - Đổi ngôi thứ NHẤT (I, me, my, mine &We, us ,our(s)) phù hợp với CHỦ NGỮ trong mệnh đề chính - Đổi ngôi thứ HAI (you , your(s)) phù hợp với TÂN NGỮ trong mệnh đề chính - Ngôi thứ BA( he, him, his, she, her(s), it(s), they, them, their(s) ) không đổi b. Thì và các trạng ngữ: CÂU TRỰC TIẾP CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT PRESENT SIMPLE PAST SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS ( S + was/were + V-ing) PRESENT PERFECT / PAST SIMPLE PAST PERFECT (S + had + P.P) PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS (S + had + been + v-ing) Will / shall + bare inf Would / should + bare inf Must + bare inf Had to + bare inf Is / am/ are going to Was / were going to Can / May Could / Might This / these That / those Now Then Here There Ago Before The day after tomorrow In 2 days' time The day before yesterday 2 days before Today / tonight That day / that night Tomorrow The day after / the following day / the next day Yesterday The day before / the previous day Last night / month / week / year The night / month / week / year before. I. Commands: Câu mệnh lệnh S + told / asked / begged / warned / required / requested ... + O + to inf not to inf Ex1: “Please give this book to him tomorrow”. I said to Lan → I told Lan to give that book to him the following day. Ex2: The teacher said “Nam, don’t put your leg on the chair.” → The teacher asked Nam not to put his leg on the chair. Câu đề nghị ai đó giúp làm việc gì 1 cách lịch sự: “ Would you mind + V-ing ...........?” Would + you (please) + bare inf ......? Will Can Could S + asked / told + O + to inf ... Ex: “Could you please show me the way to the market ?” The stranger said to the boy. → The stranger told / asked the boy to show him / her the way to the market. II. Statements: Câu phát biểu: told + O said (to + O ) + S + V S + Ex1: Miss. Hoa said: “You should improve your English pronunciation, Lien” → Miss Hoa told Lien (that) she should improve her English pronunciation. Ex2: “ I did my homework yesterday” Minh said. → Minh said he had done his homework the day before. Ex3: "Linh is repairing your bike now” I said to Lan. → I told Lan (that) Linh was repairing her bike then. III. Questions: Câu hỏi 1. WH – questions: Ex: “ What are you doing now ?” I asked her. I asked her what she was doing then. 2. Yes – No questions: question word + S + V ( WH-questions) wanted to know wondered asked + O if / whether + S +V (Yes - No questions) S + + EXERCISES: I. (REPORTED SPEECH: STATEMENTS) Change these sentences into Reported Speech: 1. Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”. 2. Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week 3. Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks 4. The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully 5. Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend”. II. (REPORTED SPEECH: YES/NO QUESTIONS) 1. “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter 2. “Does she like sports?” Hoa asked Lan 3. “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam 4. “Are there any oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom 5. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend Preparing date: 28/09/2011 Period: 4 REPORTED SPEECH IV. Những trường hợp không thay đổi thì của động từ: a. Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai Ex: She says to me: "I like classical music". → She tells me she likes classical music. b. Nếu câu trực tiếp là câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3 Ex: "If the weather were fine, we could go camping", Peter said. → Peter said if the weather were fine, they could go camping. c. Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có các trợ động từ: should, would, could, ought to, might, used to, had better Ex: "You should practice speaking English every day" the teacher said to Mai. → The teacher said that Mai should practice speaking English every day. d. Thì quá khứ giả định (past subjunctive) vẫn giữ nguyên sau: (I) wish ..., would rather ..., It’s time... Ex: She said “I wish I had a lot of books.” → She told me she wished she had a lot of books. e. Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả 1 sự thật hiển nhiên, 1 chân lí Ex: She said " Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius." → She said that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. Tom tắt Câu gián tiếp (reported speech) A/ Statements (Câu phát biểu) 1 * S + V1( said) + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place) 2 * S + V1( told )+ O + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place) B/ Commands (Câu mệnh lệnh) 1* S+ V+ (not) + to infinitive (promise, (dis)agree, refuse, threaten, hope, expect, want, ask, wish, need, dare, offer, plan, fail, swear, try, pretend, manage, intend, choose, fear, demand, seem, tend…) 2* S + V + O + (not) + to infinitive (ask, tell, order, beg, allow, remind, encourage, advise, invite, warn, wish, want, command, force, suspect, forbid, need, permit,urge, recommend…) 3* S + V +(prep) + Ving (suggest, deny, detest, delay, postpone, fancy, imagine, keep, risk, avoid, appreciate, admit, miss, practise, dislike, enjoy, save, hate, love, mind, mention, prefer, object to, look forward to, apologize for, feel like, insist on, think of, dream of, worry about, confess to, approve of…) 4* S + V + O + prep + Ving (warn…against, blame…for, thank…for, accuse…of, congratulate … on, discourage…from, forgive…for, prevent…from, stop… from, suspect…of…) C1/ Wh-questions 1 * S + asked + (O) + wh-… + clause (S+V) 2 * S + wondered + wh-… + clause (S+V) 3 * S + wanted to know + wh-… + clause (S+V) C2/ Yes-no questions 1 * S + asked + (O) + if / whether + clause (S+V) 2 * S + wondered + if /whether + clause (S+V) 3 * S + wanted to know + if / whether + clause (S+V) IV.(REPORTED SPEECH: IMPERATIVES) 1/ The manager said : “ Come into my office, please.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 2/ The teacher said to us : “Don’t make so much noise.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 3/ Mr.Green said : “Please come to our dinner tonight, Bill.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 4/ Susan said to Tom : “Don’t call me again at this late hour.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 5/ She said to the boy : “Show me what you have in your hand.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 6/ The policeman ordered : “Stay where you are and don’t touch anything.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 7/ The old lady said : “Will you please water these flowers for me.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 8/ She said : “Don’t leave your coat on this chair.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 9/ She said to him : “Don’t speak to me like that and behave yourself.” à……………………………………………………………………………. 10/ Peter said : “Would you mind lending me your dictionary till next Monday.” à……………………………………………………………………………. V.Choose the best option that best completes each sentence: 1/. Ba told me that he was leaving for the capital _____________. A. tomorrow B. the following week C. tonight D. next Sunday 2/. They asked me how many children_______________ . A. I had B. had I C. I have D. have I 3/. Thu said she had been_____________ the day before. A. here B. there C. in this place D. where 4/. They told their parents that they______________ their best to do the test. A. try B. will try C. are trying D. would try 5/. She______________ me whether I liked classical music or not. A. ask B. asks C. asked D. asking 6/. He asked me who the editor of that book____________ . A. was B. were C. is D. has been 7/. He wants to know whether I_____________ back tomorrow. A. come B. came C. will come D. would come 8/. I wonder why he______________ love his family. A. doesn’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. hasn’t 9/ “I didn’t witness that accident.” A. He denied not having witnessed that accident. B. He denied having witnessed that accident. C. He denied not having witnessing that accident. D. He denied not had witnessed that accident.  Preparing date: 10/10/2011 Period: 5 PASSIVE VOICE A. Aims: - By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to review the passive voice and apply them to solve some exercises. - Grammar structures: the simple present, the present progressive, the future simple, the near future - Teaching aids: chalk, board B. Procedure: I. Form: Active: S + V + O + ……. Passive: S + be + V3/ed + (by O) + …… Ex: Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend. S V O Passive: The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend. S be V3/ed by O II. CÁCH ĐỔI ACTIVE VOICE SANG PASSIVE VOICE Ex: Active sentence: Peter took this book yesterday Passive sentence: This book was taken by Peter yesterday Trong câu chủ động: - Peter → Subj ; took → động từ chính (Past simple) - this book → Obj; yesterday → trạng từ chỉ thời gian Trong câu bi động: - Obj ( this book) → Subj ; Subj ( Peter) →by Obj - took (động từ chính) → taken (V3 / VoED - Past participle) - thêm was vì động từ chính (took) đang chia thì Past simple A. Tổng quát: Active sentence: Subj + V + Obj Passive sentence: Subj + BE + V3 / VoED(động từ chính) + by Obj 1- Chuyển: Obj ---> Subj; Subj ----> by Obj (Có thể bỏ nếu by Obj không cần thiết) 2-Thêm BE và chia thì tương ứng với thì câu chủ động. Nghĩa là: Động từ chính của câu chủ động ở thì nào thì “ To Be” phải chia ở thì đó). Như vậy: trong câu bị động “ To Be” có vai trò chia thì, Động từ chính có chức năng như một tính từ mang nghĩa bị động (không chia thì) 3- Chuyển động từ chính sang ---> V3 hoặc Vo ED. Exercise 1: Passive and Active voice People drink a great deal of tea in England. Tom was writing two poems. She often takes her dog for a walk. People speak English all over the world. A group of students have met their friends at the railway station. They didn’t allow Tom to take these books home. The teacher won’t correct exercises tomorrow. How many trees did they cut down to build that fence? This well-known library attracts many people. My mother used to make us clean the house. Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences in the passive: 1. They will construct some new airports on islands. 2. The new president might fulfill this promise as quickly as people would like. 3. They are going to find out the mystery. 4.You can buy videos like this one anywhere. 5. Someone will tell you when you go in to see the doctor. 6. They should have finished the hotel by the time you arrive. 7. Someone has to write the history of the European Community one day. 8. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest? 9. Where will your company send you next year? 10. They ought to have reported the accident to the police. Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the given words, active or passive Chris has good news. The engineering firm where she had an interview yesterday (may + offer) ………………………….. her a job soon. Good news! I (may + offer) ………………………….. a job soon. I had an interview at an engineering firm yesterday. You (should + open) ………………….. the wine about three hours before you use it. You (mustn’t + move) …………………………..this man; he is too ill. He (will + have to + leave) ………………………….. here. You (must + take) …………………………..those books back to the library yesterday. We tried, but the window (couldn’t + open) …………………………… You (must + keep) ………………………….. meat in a refrigerator or it will spoil. I (had better + wash) ……………….. my clothes today, or they will be very smelly. Someone (should + tell) ………………………….. James the news immediately. This application (be supposed to + send) ………….. to the personnel department soon. Exercise 4: Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the sentence. 1. I shouldn’t ………. so much coffee last night. I was wide awake till four in the morning. A. drink B. drank C. be drunk D. have drunk 2. The profits are supposed …………………. among the shareholders. A. to divide B. to be divided C. dividing D. being divided 3. When you are on duty, your uniform must …………………. at all times. A. wear B. be wear C. be worn D. be wearing 4. You promised her a letter; you ought to …………………. days ago. A. write B. be writing C. have written D. be written 5. After the test papers …………………. to the students in class tomorrow, the students …………………. their next assignment. A. will return – will be given B. will be returned – are given C. are returning – are giving D. are returned – will be given 6. The class for next semester is too large. It ought to …………………. in half. A. be divided B. divide C. have divided D. have been divided 7. The entire valley can …………………. from their mountain home. A. see B. be seen C. being seen D. sees 8. He is wearing a gold ring on his fourth finger. He must…………………. A. have been married B. be married C. marry D. have married Preparing date: 18/10/2011 Period: 6 PASSIVE VOICE A. Aims: - By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to review the passive voice and apply them to solve some exercises. - Grammar structures: the simple present, the present progressive, the future simple, the near future - Teaching aids: chalk, board B. Procedure: III. NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP PASSIVE VOICE ĐẶC BIỆT 1-Causative form(thể truyền khuyến): a/Active voice: -S + Have + Obj(chỉ người) + Vo. Ex: I have him repair my bicycle. -S + Get + Obj (chỉ người) + to infi